Which term is not a brain reserve concept?

Which term is not a brain reserve concept?

• A. Cognitive reserve
• B. Neural reserve
• C. Openness
• D. Neural compensation

Answer: (C)

Brain reserve concepts describe how the brain copes with aging and pathology through built-up cognitive resources and network efficiency. Cognitive reserve reflects the mind’s capacity strengthened by education, mentally stimulating activities, and complex work. Neural reserve refers to the efficiency and organization of brain networks that help maintain function. Neural compensation involves using alternative neural pathways or strategies when primary networks are compromised. Openness is a personality trait—one of the Big Five—that describes a tendency toward novelty and exploration, not a mechanism the brain uses to preserve function. So openness isn’t a brain reserve concept, even though someone high in openness might engage in activities that promote reserve indirectly.

Brain reserve concepts describe how the brain copes with aging and pathology through built-up cognitive resources and network efficiency. Cognitive reserve reflects the mind’s capacity strengthened by education, mentally stimulating activities, and complex work. Neural reserve refers to the efficiency and organization of brain networks that help maintain function. Neural compensation involves using alternative neural pathways or strategies when primary networks are compromised. Openness is a personality trait—one of the Big Five—that describes a tendency toward novelty and exploration, not a mechanism the brain uses to preserve function. So openness isn’t a brain reserve concept, even though someone high in openness might engage in activities that promote reserve indirectly.